Blockchain Company White Papers

This white paper is a review of the current state of the ICO (initial coin offering) phenomena that has emerged since 2013, and has now gone mainstream in the early part of 2017.

It discusses its benefits as an innovation, primarily to better enable open source communities to self-finance and realise new decentralised digital economies that are inherently less fragile when compared to traditional venture capital backed models.

It looks pragmatically at the flaws of ICOs and how they can be improved upon. In particular, we provide an analysis of a trend we are seeing organically emerge from the space called ‘Community Token Economies’ (CTE).

This is where multiple parties join forces to realise what we have termed Minimum Viable Community (MVC) in order to achieve network effects more efficiently and rapidly compared to going it alone.  Finally, we describe the implementation of a new framework being developed at Outlier Ventures to allow this to happen in a more structured and effective manner.

Our aim is to ensure these new digital economies are increasingly self-sustaining.
 

CONTENTS

1 The Opportunities & Challenges of Tokens  

2 Stronger Together: the Community Token Economy  

3 Main Concepts  

4 Planning and Phases  

5 CTE Economics  

6 Technical Scoping & Decision-Making  

7 Governance Models  8 Corporate Structuring  9 Bringing the CTE Concept to Life 

Download this Whitepaper here: https://outlierventures.io/cte-wp

Smart contracts may only see limited real-world applications in the near future, according to a new research paper.

The paper, released by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (a New York-based trade group for over-the-counter derivatives firms) and London-based law firm Linklaters LLP, casts a broad overview on smart contracts and distributed ledger tech.

The ISDA, formed in the 1980's, counts more than 800 firms among its membership, according to the group's website.It notably posits that the use of such contracts, which are self-executing pieces of code tied to certain conditions, are more likely to be used only in particular instances.The paper's authors argue:

"Certain operational clauses within legal contracts lend themselves to being automated. Other non-operational clauses – for instance, the governing law of a contract – are less susceptible to being expressed in machine-readable code. Some legal clauses are subjective or require interpretation, which also creates challenges."

Operational clauses, according to the paper, refer to more objective legal actions, for example one that requires a payment on a certain date based on an amount calculated by the nature of a work."It is assumed the most likely implementations of smart contracts in the near term will relate to operational clauses...rather than to non-operational clauses," the report reads.

Non-operational clauses, on the other hand, are more subjective to human interpretations, such as when the law should be applied under certain conditions. The paper's authors state that in their view, programmable contracts bay not be able to account for the subjective nuances that exist in human interpretation.

"For example, if an event of default occurs under an ISDA Master Agreement, this gives the non-defaulting party the right to terminate outstanding transactions.

But the non-defaulting party might decide it does not want to exercise such a termination right at that time...depending on the commercial and relationship context at the time of the event, the nature of the default, and other external factors," the paper noted.

But even within those operational clauses, the authors suggest that a more standardized definition of complicated terms and activities need to be outlined before the smart contracts can be put into work.

"This would require... continue reading: https://www.coindesk.com/legal-experts-blockchain-smart-contracts-spark-interpretation-challenges/

Download the Smarts Contract White Paper Here: 
https://www.scribd.com/document/355538705/Smart-Contracts-and-Distributed-Ledger-a-Legal-Perspective...

Download White Paper: 

https://chronobank.io/files/whitepaper.pdf

What is ChronoBank.io?

ChronoBank.io is an ambitious and wide-ranging blockchain project, aimed at disrupting the HR/recruitment/finance industries in a similar way to how Uber disrupted the taxi business and how Upwork represented an evolution in freelancing.

At ChronoBank.io, we are challenging the status quo and bringing an alternative to traditional financial systems.This alternative is a new generation of time-based currencies utilising the latest developments in blockchain technology. Despite soaring interest in distributed ledger technology, there are currently very few blockchain apps poised for mainstream market adoption.ChronoBank.io has been designed by a consortium of professionals with over 100 years of combined recruitment experience, in consultation with experts who can create the software to leverage blockchain technology to solve real-world business problems.

 Specifically, we want to create a revolution in short-term recruitment within key professions.Our goal is to make a difference to the way people find work and are rewarded for their labour – doing so within a decentralised framework and without the involvement of traditional financial institutions...
https://chronobank.io/

Abstract. 

Blockchain-enabled smart contracts that employ proof-ofstake validation for transactions, promise significant performance advantages compared to proof-of-work solutions. For broad industry adoption, other important requirements must be met in addition. For example, stable backwards-compatible smart-contract systems must automate cross-organizational information-logistics orchestration with lite mobile wallets that support simple payment verification (SPV) techniques. The currently leading smart-contract solution Ethereum, uses computationally expensive proof-of-work validation, is expected to hard-fork multiple times in the future and requires downloading the entire blockchain. Consequently, Ethereum smart contracts have limited utility and lack formal semantics, which is a security issue. This whitepaper fills the gap in the state of the art by presenting the Qtum smart-contract framework that aims for sociotechnical application suitability, the adoption of formalsemantics language expressiveness, and the provision of smart-contract template libraries for rapid best-practice industry deployment. We discuss the Qtum utility advantages compared to the Ethereum alternative and present Qtum smart-contract future development plans for industrycases applications. 

Key words: smart contract, business network model, DAPP, mobile, information logistics, cross-organizational, peer-to-peer, distributed system, e-governance, Qtum framework

Download White Paper here: 
https://qtum.org/uploads/files/cf6d69348ca50dd985b60425ccf282f3.pdf