January was bitcoin's worst month on record. Here's how to stay calm (cnbc.com)
  • When you could lose a big chunk of your investment in one day, stress seems inevitable.
  • This unique asset requires unique fortitude.

Annie Nova


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Caroline Purser | Getty Images


January was a painful time for many bitcoin investors.At the start of the month, a digital coin was worth nearly $15,000. By the end, it was worth around $9,000. (On the first day of February, the currency continued to hover near the $9,000 mark, a critical level that analysts are watching.)


The losses stem in part from new regulations in South Korea and Facebook's announcement that it would ban ads for the digital currencies. More volatility is expected.



Owning an asset that's been called both a fraud and the future can be an emotionally intense experience.When bitcoin lost 30 percent of its value on Dec. 22, for example, one post on Reddit read: "I just re-financed my house to get in.


I'm freaking out." Another user offered support to the frantic: "If anyone's actually depressed or suicidal, come to r/SuicideWatch. We love to listen and talk there.


"
It's the 24-hour cycle of cryptocurrencies that can wear on people's nerves, said Jim Smigiel, CIO of absolute return strategies at SEI Investments."With other speculative investments, like private equity and venture capital, you can't check your phone every five minutes," he said. With cryptocurrencies, "You're able to track the minute-by-minute value of it."


"Looking at something with such high volatility all the time is not conducive to an investor's mental health," Smigiel said.


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Iconic investor Warren Buffett on bitcoin, his health and the state of markets  11:16 AM ET Wed, 10 Jan 2018 | 03:42
Here's how to keep calm on the cryptocurrency roller coaster:

Look away


Bitcoin's volatility is part of what makes it irresistible, said Willemien Kets, associate professor at the University of Oxford's Department of Economics."We know from social psychology that the best way to get people hooked on something is to give them a reward on a very uncertain time frame," Kets said.


Don't fall into the trap.


Checking the value of cryptocurrencies constantly is unproductive, Kets said.
"You can't do anything about the price movement itself," she said.Instead she recommends people decide on a price point at which they'll sell — say, if the asset drops below $10,000 — and set their phone to alert them at that threshold.



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Andrey Rudakov | Bloomberg | Getty Images


An attendee wearing a t-shirt decorated with a bitcoin rocket illustration and the words 'To the Moon' checks his smartphone at the CrytoSpace conference in Moscow, Russia, on Friday, Dec. 8, 2017.


Jack Tatar, co-author of "Cryptoassets: The Innovative Investor's Guide to Bitcoin and Beyond," pointed to another reason why constant phone checks are futile."It's very hard to realize the gains you see on your phone," Tatar said. "These markets are not as liquid as the stocks and bond market.


You can check your phone and see you're up to $30,000, but if you wan't to realize that gain, you probably won't be able to do that."That's because it can take days for a cryptocurrency transaction to complete, during which the value can change substantially. 


Despite his advice, Tatar admitted he, too, can't look away.
"My son has tried to tell me to take a few days off," he said. "But I just can't."


Buy to hold


When people buy and sell in a dizzied cycle, they miss the bigger picture of cryptocurrencies and the blockchain technology on which it's traded, said financial advisor Ric Edelman, founder and executive chairman of Edelman Financial Services.


"There's no question that digital currencies are the future," Edelman said. "You should be prepared to own it for years."He said his decision to hold bitcoin for more than a decade has paid off."I've watched it go from $1 to $1,000, back to $200 and then to $16,000," he said.


Although he acknowledged that such ups and downs are intolerable for some people."If owning this asset is causing you to stare at the ceiling at night, you shouldn't own it," he said. "There's more to life than money."

"I've watched it go from $1 to $1000, back to $200 and then to $16,000."-Ric Edelman , financial advisor 

Peter Ayton, who studies behavioral decision theory at the City University of London, said it's hard to expect people to be rational with cryptocurrencies. Many people who've been seduced by bitcoin are individuals who might not fully understand what they're buying, he said."When you have something as volatile as bitcoin, it doesn't lend itself to long-term strategic thinking," Ayton said.

Diversify beyond bitcoin



Michael Sonnenshein, investments director at cryptocurrency firm Grayscale, said people might be less anxious if they're not banking on just one cryptocurrency.Fortunately, you don't have to: There are currently some 2,000 cryptocurrencies to chose from. And more investment firms are looking into establishing index funds for cryptocurrencies.


For example, Grayscale is soon launching a "basket of digital currencies," in which investors' money will be spread across five digital currencies.Diversifying is useful for another reason, Edelman said: "It's so early, we don't know which cryptocurrencies will survive."

Invest only what you can afford to lose


Tatar said people must restrict how much of their investments go to cryptocurrencies."You're seeing too many people jumping in and betting the ranch, and just saying 'yee-haw!'" he said. "They're not disciplined enough to realize they have to stay within their asset allocation models.


""Rebalancing" your investments is essential with cryptocurrencies, he said, because of their tendency to rapidly change value."If you've invested 20 percent of your portfolio into bitcoin, and all of a sudden you check and, lo and behold, your bitcoins have increased so much that they're now 35 percent of your portfolio, you can rebalance and go back to your asset allocation," Tatar said. "That should protect you from some of that volatility."

"You're seeing too many people jumping in and betting the ranch, and just saying Yee-Haw!"-Jack Tatar , co-author, Cryptoassets: The Innovative Investor's Guide to Bitcoin and Beyond

It's not just the owners of cryptocurrencies who are stressed, Smigiel said. Recently, he finds himself consoling his clients who haven't bought any bitcoin, ripple or ethereum.


"We also see anxiety on the flip side — the people who feel they are missing out," he said. "And so you're anxious either way."More from Personal Finance: 
Bitcoin, once 'sketchy,' becomes more mainstream
Some cryptocurrency-backed debit cards dropped from Visa network, leaving users scrambling
Bitcoin is too risky to treat as a 'serious' investment, financial advisers say

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